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10月26日
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The West's woes are self-inflicted. Claims that Western electoral systems are infallible have hampered self-correction. Elections are seen as ends in themselves, not merely means to good governance. Instead of producing capable leaders, electoral politics have made it very difficult for good leaders to gain power. And in the few cases when they do, they are paralyzed by their own political and legal systems. As U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton travels around the world extolling electoral democracy, the legitimacy of nearly all U.S. political institutions is crumbling. The approval rating of the U.S. Congress among the American people stood at 18 percent in November. The president was performing somewhat better, with ratings in the 50s. And even support for the politically independent Supreme Court had fallen below 50 percent.
西方遭遇的这些困境都是自找的。由于过分自负自满地相信选举制度是绝对可靠的，西方民主政治已经缺失了自我修正的能力。选举被看作是最终目的，而不是形成良政的手段。在选举政治下，选出出类拔萃的领导人已经困难重重，有能力的领导人若想在现有体制内有所作为，更是难于登天。即使偶尔有少数出色的领导人上台，还是免不了要面对被政治、法律桎梏牢牢捆住手脚的局面，实际上是寸步难行。就在美国国务卿希拉里克林顿穿行往来与世界各地，鼓吹选举民主的同时，美国政府各部门的合法性正濒临破产。今年11月，美国民众对国会的支持率只有可怜的18%；对总统的支持率稍高，约为50%；甚至一直标榜政治独立的最高法院，其支持率最近也跌破了50%。
龙的时代
【编者按：美国《外交事务》杂志（Foreign Affairs）最新一期(2013年1-2月刊）登载春秋发展战略研究院研究员李世默文章：《中共的生命力——后民主时代在中国开启》。观察者网独家首发该文章中文版，并附英文版以对照。】
Economic liberalization will likely be matched by a two-track reform of social policy. First, the process of making the party more inclusive, which began with Jiang's inclusion of businesspeople in the CCP, will be accelerated. Second, the CCP will begin experimenting with outsourcing certain social welfare functions to approved nongovernmental organizations. Rapid urbanization is facilitating the growth of a large middle-income society. Instead of demanding abstract political rights, as many in the West expected, urban Chinese are focused on what are called min sheng (livelihood) issues. The party may not be able to manage these concerns alone. And so private businesses or nongovernmental organizations might be called in to provide health care and education in the cities, which has already started to happen in Guangdong Province.
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